Effects
Hip hop has made a considerable social impact since its inception in the 1970s. The youth is influenced by the American hip-hop scene and start their own form of hip hop. It has also been argued that rap music is formed as a "cultural response to historic oppression and racism, a system for communication among black communities throughout the United States". This is due to the fact that the culture is reflected in the social, economic and political realities of the disenfranchised youth. Of particular interest to MCs and MC crews outside of the United States has been the use of rap music as a tool for political, social, and cultural empowerment. Members of minority communities—such as Algerians in France, and Turks in Germany—use rap as a platform to protest racism, poverty, and social structures. Arab Spring hip hop played a significant role in providing a channel for the youth to express their ideas.Language
The development of hip-hop linguistics is complex.
Source material include the spirituals of slaves arriving in the new world,
Jamaican dub music, the laments of jazz and blues singers, patterned cockney
slang and radio deejays hyping their audience in rhyme. Hip hop has a
distinctive associated slang. It is also known by alternate names, such as
"Black English", or "Ebonics". Academics suggest its development
stems from a rejection of the racial hierarchy of language, which held
"White English" as the superior form of educated speech. Due to hip
hop's commercial success in the late nineties and early 21st century, many of
these words have been assimilated into the cultural discourse of several
different dialects across America and the world and even to non-hip hop fans.
Product placement
The symbiotic relationship has also stretched to include car manufacturers, clothing designers and sneaker companies, and many other companies have used the hip hop community to make their name or to give them credibility. One such beneficiary was Jacob the Jeweler, a diamond merchant from New York. Jacob Arabo's clientele included Sean Combs, Lil' Kim and Nas. He created jewelery pieces from precious metals that were heavily loaded with diamond and gemstones. As his name was mentioned in the song lyrics of his hip hop customers, his profile quickly rose. Arabo expanded his brand to include gem-encrusted watches that retail for hundreds of thousands of dollars, gaining so much attention that Cartier filed a trademark-infringement lawsuit against him for putting diamonds on the faces of their watches and reselling them without permission. Arabo's profile increased steadily until his June 2006 arrest by the FBI on money laundering charges.
In retaliation, many hip-hop icons such as Jay-Z and Sean Combs, who previously included references to "Cris", ceased all mentions and purchases of the champagne. 50 Cent's merge with Vitamin Water, Dr. Dre's promotion of his Beats by Dr. Dre headphone line and Dr. Pepper, and Drake's commercial with Sprite all act to illustrate successful mergers.
Media
There have also been a number of hip-hop films, movies which focused on hip hop as a subject. These films include: Boyz n the Hood, Juice, Menace II Society, 8 Mile, Notorious, and Get Rich Or Die Tryin'.
Magazines
Hip-hop magazines have long detailed hip-hop
lifestyle and history, including the first known hip-hop publication The Hip
Hop Hit List, which also contained the very first rap music record chart.
Published in the early 1980s by two brothers from Newark, New Jersey, Vincent
and Charles Carroll, who was also a hip-hop group known as The Nastee Boyz who
knew the art form very well and noticed the void and the fact that DJs then did
not recognize that there was a standard and should not just be playing anything
just because it was rap.
Fashion
As hip hop has a seen a shift in the means by which its artists express their masculinity, from violence and intimidation to wealth-flaunting and entrepreneurship, it has also seen the emergence of rapper branding. The modern-day hip-hop artist is no longer limited to music serving as their sole occupation or source of income. By the early 1990s, major apparel companies “[had] realized the economic potential of tapping into hip-hop culture...Tommy Hilfiger was one of the first major fashion designer[s] who actively courted rappers as a way of promoting his street wear”. By joining forces, the artist and the corporation are able to jointly benefit from each other's resources. Hip-Hop artists are trend-setters and taste-makers. Their fans range from minority groups who can relate to their professed struggles to majority groups who cannot truly relate but like to "consume the fantasy of living a more masculine life". The rappers provide the "cool, hip" factor while the corporations deliver the product, advertising, and financial assets. Tommy Hilfiger, one of the first mainstream designers to actively court rappers as a way of promoting his street wear, serves a prototypical example of the hip hip/fashion collaborations
Criticisms
Given its extensive roots in underground music, many
hip-hop and rap pioneers decry the modern messages portrayed in hip hop. This
has led some critics to ridicule hip hop for the cultural stereotyping and faux
gangster stylings portrayed by its current leading artists.
Hip hop, along with many other Black music genres, receive criticism from
rock-centric critics that hip hop is not a true art form and that rock and roll
music is more authentic. This "rockism" favors the individual artist
and is against the digital, producer-heavy aspects of hip hop. Hip hop is seen
as being too violent & explicit, in comparison. Many criticisms have racial
undertones, going against the black art form of hip hop and praising the genre
of rock that prominently features white males.
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